How can monetary equivalents be stored in an integer data type?

To store a monetary equivalent in the integer data type, a fixed-point approach is usually used, where the amount is stored in the smallest units of the currency (for example, in kopecks or cents). This helps avoid rounding errors typical of floating-point numbers.

For example, instead of storing 123.45 rubles, store the number 12345 (an integer number of kopecks). When displaying or calculating, it is necessary to consider that the last two digits are the fractional part:

int priceInCents = 12345; // 123.45 rubles

// Output in rubles and kopecks format
printf("%d.%02d rub.\n", priceInCents / 100, priceInCents % 100);

This approach ensures accuracy and convenience when performing arithmetic operations with monetary values.