How can a new thread be launched in an application?

In Android, to start a new thread of execution, you can use the Thread class or more modern tools such as ExecutorService or HandlerThread.

Example of starting a simple thread using Thread:

new Thread(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // Code to be executed in the new thread
        doBackgroundWork();
    }
}).start();

You can also use AsyncTask (deprecated) or libraries like RxJava or Kotlin Coroutines for more convenient management of asynchronous tasks.