What are the advantages of using fragments compared to multiple Activities in Android applications?

Fragments in Android allow creating a more flexible and modular application architecture compared to using multiple Activities. Main advantages:

• Reusability of UI and logic. Fragments can be used in different Activities, reducing code duplication.
• Simplified UI management. Fragments enable dynamic UI changes within a single Activity, such as displaying different screens on tablets and phones.
• Better lifecycle management. Fragments have their own lifecycle, making it easier to manage state and resources.
• Navigation optimization. Using fragments reduces the number of Activities created, decreasing overhead and improving performance.

Example of using fragments to display a list and details in a single Activity:

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        if (savedInstanceState == null) {
            supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
                .replace(R.id.container, ListFragment())
                .commit()
        }
    }
}