Methods of system integration?

Systems can be integrated in various ways, depending on requirements and architecture:

1. Point-to-Point Integration — direct connection between two systems. Fast, but poorly scalable.

2. Middleware — using an intermediate layer (message bus, ESB) that manages data exchange and transformation.

3. API Integration — systems exchange data via REST, SOAP, or GraphQL APIs.

4. Database Integration — sharing or replicating data.

5. File Exchange — data exchange via files (CSV, XML) over FTP or other protocols.

6. Event and Message Queue Usage — asynchronous exchange through message brokers (Kafka, RabbitMQ).

The choice of method depends on requirements for speed, reliability, scalability, and integration complexity.