Are multiple DML operations executed in a single transaction in the procedure?

In most DBMSs, if not specified otherwise in a procedure, all DML operations (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) are performed within a single transaction. This means that either all changes are applied, or in case of an error, all changes are rolled back.

For example, in PL/SQL or T-SQL, if a procedure is called without explicit transaction management, a transaction begins with the first DML operation and ends with a commit or rollback at the end of the procedure.

If explicit transaction control is needed, commands like BEGIN TRANSACTION, COMMIT, and ROLLBACK can be used to control the transaction boundaries within the procedure.