What design patterns implement data structures such as queue and stack?

Design patterns do not implement data structures. Design patterns represent typical solutions to common problems in software design.

Queue and Stack are abstract data types (ADTs) that describe the behavior of collections of elements. Implementations of these ADTs use specific design patterns to organize internal structure and object interactions.

For example, to implement a queue or stack, the following can be used:

• Object organization patterns:
  • List: A queue can be implemented based on a linked list, where elements are added at the end and removed from the beginning. A stack is based on a linked list, where elements are added and removed from one end (the top).
  • Composition pattern: Although it does not directly implement a queue/stack, it can be used to build more complex structures that may include queues or stacks as components.
• Object creation patterns (less directly applicable to the structure itself but can be used to create elements):
  • Factory Method: For creating uniform elements that will be placed in a queue or stack.
• Behavioral patterns (describe interactions, not the structure itself):
  • Iterator: For traversing elements in a queue or stack.

Thus, design patterns serve as tools for building, managing, and interacting with implementations of queues and stacks, but are not data structures themselves. Implementations of queues and stacks are usually built on lower-level concepts such as arrays or linked lists, and their design can conform to certain patterns.