Can you describe the mechanism of navigation system in Android applications?

Navigation system in Android applications is organized around the Navigation Component, which simplifies managing transitions between screens (fragments or activities).

Main elements:

• NavHost — a container that displays navigation fragments.
• NavController — an object that manages navigation, responsible for transitions and the navigation stack.
• Navigation Graph — an XML file describing all possible paths and connections between screens.

When the app starts, NavHost loads the initial fragment from the graph. Navigation occurs by calling methods of NavController, such as navigate(), which moves the user to another screen, updating the navigation stack.

This allows centralized management of transitions, passing parameters between screens, and handling "back" actions correctly.