Can you explain what is meant by the term 'Dispatchers' and how they are used?

In Kotlin Coroutines, Dispatchers are objects that determine on which thread or thread pool a coroutine will be executed.

Main types of dispatchers:

• Dispatchers.Main — for working with the UI thread (e.g., in Android).
• Dispatchers.IO — for input/output operations, such as reading files or network requests.
• Dispatchers.Default — for CPU-intensive tasks.
• Dispatchers.Unconfined — starts the coroutine in the current thread but can switch.

Usage:

GlobalScope.launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
    // runs in an IO thread pool
    val data = fetchData()
    withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
        // update UI
        updateUI(data)
    }
}

Thus, Dispatchers help efficiently manage threads and avoid blocking the UI.