What is the difference between data pushes and identification pushes?

Data pushes contain arbitrary data in the notification payload, which the application processes independently without displaying a system notification.

Identification pushes (also known as notification pushes) are intended to display a system notification to the user, containing a title, text, icon, and other visual elements.

Parameter	Data Push	Identification Push
Display	Not displayed by the system as a notification	Displayed by the system as a notification
Payload	Arbitrary data	Title, text, icon, actions, etc.
Processing	The application processes the data	The system displays the notification, the app can react to actions
Usage	Background synchronization, data update	Event notifications, messages, promotions
FCM/APNS Key	data	notification