Can you provide an example of a situation where a race condition occurs in a multithreaded environment?

Race condition occurs when multiple threads access and modify shared data simultaneously without proper synchronization. For example, if two threads increment a shared counter at the same time without using synchronized or other locking mechanisms, the final value may be incorrect.

Example:

class Counter {
    int count = 0;

    void increment() {
        count = count + 1; // non-atomic operation
    }
}

// If two threads call increment() simultaneously, the final count may only increase by 1 instead of 2.