What UI testing tools would you choose?

For testing the user interface, I would choose the following tools:

• Espresso: A framework for writing reliable, understandable, and concise UI tests in Android. Ideal for in-app testing.

  // Example test with Espresso
  @Test
  fun testHelloWorldText() {
      ActivityScenario.launch(MainActivity::class.java)
      onView(withId(R.id.textView)) // Finds View by ID
          .check(matches(withText("Hello World!"))) // Checks the text
  }
  

• UI Automator: A framework suitable for cross-application UI testing. Allows automation of interactions with system apps or third-party apps.

  // Example test with UI Automator
  @Test
  public void testOpenSettings() {
      // Get the device
      UiDevice device = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
  
      // Press the Home button
      device.pressHome();
  
      // Find and click the settings icon
      UiObject settingsApp = device.findObject(new UiSelector()
          .packageName("com.android.settings")
          .className("android.widget.TextView")
          .text("Settings")); // Find by text "Settings"
  
  
      if (settingsApp.exists() && settingsApp.isEnabled()) {
          try {
              settingsApp.click();
          } catch (UiObjectNotFoundException e) {
              // Error handling
          }
      }
  }
  

• Appium: An open framework for testing mobile applications (native, hybrid, and mobile web). Allows writing UI tests for Android and iOS, often used in CI/CD.

The choice of a specific tool depends on the testing context:

Testing Scenario	Preferred Tool	Note
In-app testing	Espresso	Fast, reliable, closely related to app architecture
Cross-application testing	UI Automator	Interaction with system elements and other apps
Cross-platform testing	Appium	Simultaneous testing on Android and iOS
CI/CD	Espresso, Appium	Well integrated with continuous integration systems