What is the maximum number of elements that can be contained in a stack?

The maximum number of elements in a stack depends on several factors:

• The type of stack implementation (array or linked list).
• Memory limitations of the device or runtime environment.
• In the case of a call stack — limitations of the stack allocated by the operating system or virtual machine.

Generally, a stack does not have a fixed maximum but is limited by available memory. For example, in an Android application, a StackOverflowError may occur if the recursion depth or the number of nested calls is too large.

If the stack is implemented based on an array, the maximum size is set when creating the array. If based on a linked list — limited only by memory.

Example in Kotlin (Android):

val stack = ArrayDeque<Int>()
// Adding elements
stack.addLast(1)
stack.addLast(2)
// Removing elements
val top = stack.removeLast()

Here, the size of the stack is limited by the device's memory.