What scope functions in Kotlin do you know?

In Kotlin, scope functions are functions that allow performing operations on an object within a certain context. The main scope functions are:

let — executes a block of code with the object as it and returns the result of the block. Often used for safe calls with nullable objects.
```
val name: String? = "Kotlin"
name?.let {
    println("Name length: ${it.length}")
}
```
run — executes a block of code with the object as this and returns the result of the block. Useful for initialization and calculations.
```
val result = "Hello".run {
    println(this)
    length
}
```

with — similar to run, but called as a function with the object as a parameter, returning the result of the block.

val builder = StringBuilder()
val result = with(builder) {
    append("Hello")
    append(" World")
    toString()
}

apply — executes a block with the object as this, returns the object itself. Often used for object configuration.
```
val person = Person().apply {
    name = "John"
    age = 30
}
```
also — executes a block with the object as it, returns the object itself. Used for additional actions like logging.
```
val numbers = mutableListOf(1, 2, 3).also {
    println("List: $it")
}
```

Each function differs in how it passes the object to the lambda (this or it) and what it returns (the result of the block or the object itself).