How was authentication and authorization implemented in your systems?

Authentication and authorization are usually implemented through multiple security layers. In my systems, the approach with JWT (JSON Web Tokens) was often used for authentication: the user enters a login and password, the server verifies them and issues a token, which the client stores and sends with each request.

Authorization was implemented through roles and access rights stored in a database. When a request is received, the server checks whether the user has the necessary rights to perform the action.

Example:

• The user logs in and receives a JWT with role information.
• When making an API request, the server decodes the token and checks the rights.
• If the rights are present, the request is executed; otherwise, a 403 error is returned.

OAuth 2.0 was also used for integration with external services, and two-factor authentication was implemented to enhance security.