What types of web service architectures exist?

Monolithic Architecture:
- Single, self-contained codebase that combines all components (UI, business logic, data access).
- Simple development and deployment in the initial stages.
- Difficulties with scaling, maintenance, and implementing changes as the project grows.
Microservices Architecture:
- Application divided into a set of small, independent services that communicate over the network (often via API).
- Each service is responsible for a specific functionality and can be developed, tested, and deployed independently.
- Improved scalability, fault tolerance (failure of one service does not affect others), and the ability to use different technologies for different services.
- Management complexity with a large number of services, requiring distributed logging and monitoring.
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA):
- Consists of services that interact through an enterprise bus (ESB - Enterprise Service Bus).
- Services can be large and use different protocols.
- Goal: increase flexibility and reusability of services within an organization.
- Difference from microservices: larger services, presence of a centralized interaction bus.
Serverless Architecture:
- Developer focuses on writing code, while server and infrastructure management is handled by a cloud provider (e.g., AWS Lambda, Azure Functions).
- Pay-as-you-go pricing, automatic scaling.
- Reduces operational costs and administrative efforts.
- Limitations on execution time and resources, dependence on the cloud provider.
N-tier Architecture:
- Application divided into logical layers or tiers, each performing a specific role and interacting only with adjacent layers.
- Typical layers: presentation layer (UI), business logic layer, data access layer.
- Enhances modularity and simplifies separation of concerns.

graph TD
    A[User] --> B{Web Service};
    B --> C[Architecture];
    C --> D[Monolithic];
    C --> E[Microservices];
    C --> F[SOA];
    C --> G[Serverless];
    C --> H[N-tier];