How is version control and collaborative coding managed when using Git?

Git is a distributed version control system that allows tracking changes in code and organizing collaborative work.

Main principles of version management and collaboration in Git:

• Repository — a storage for code with a history of changes.
• Commits — recorded changes with messages describing the modifications.
• Branches — parallel lines of development allowing work on different tasks independently.
• Merges — combining changes from one branch into another.
• Remote repositories (e.g., on GitHub) — enable multiple developers to exchange changes.

Example workflow:

1. Cloning a remote repository git clone.
2. Creating a new branch for a task git checkout -b feature.
3. Making changes and committing git commit -m "description".
4. Pushing changes to the server git push origin feature.
5. Creating a pull request for review and merging into the main branch.

This approach allows tracking history, working in parallel, and avoiding conflicts.