What types of ORM do you know and which ones do you use?

There are several main types of ORM (Object-Relational Mapping), which differ in their approach to working with data:

1. Active Record

   • The model object contains both data and methods for working with the database (CRUD).
   • Example: Eloquent ORM in Laravel.
   • Easy to use, but can mix business logic and data access.

2. Data Mapper

   • Separates business logic from the data access layer.
   • Model objects do not know about the database, and a separate layer handles saving and loading.
   • Example: Doctrine ORM.
   • More flexible and scalable, suitable for complex applications.

3. Dependency Injection in ORM

   • Used for injecting dependencies, such as repositories or entity managers.
   • Improves testability and modularity of the code.

In my practice, I use Doctrine ORM (Data Mapper) for complex projects where clear architecture and scalability are important, and Eloquent (Active Record) for simpler or faster solutions.