In which situations is it recommended to use ORM, and when is it preferable to go without it?

ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) is recommended to be used when:

• You need to work quickly and conveniently with a database, without writing many SQL queries manually.
• The project requires support for multiple DBMSs, and you want to abstract away from SQL specifics.
• It is important to maintain clean object-oriented code where data and logic are connected.

ORM can be avoided when:

• Maximum performance and control over queries are required (e.g., complex analytical queries).
• You need to utilize specific features of the DBMS that are difficult or impossible to express through ORM.
• The project is small or has simple queries, and adding ORM would complicate the architecture.

Example: if you have a CRUD application with typical operations, ORM simplifies development. If you are writing a high-load service with optimized queries, it is better to write SQL directly.