What types of parallelism are in Python, how do they differ, and what is better to use in the context of agents?

Python has several types of parallelism:

1. Multithreading — allows running multiple threads within a single process. Due to GIL (Global Interpreter Lock) in CPython, threads do not execute in parallel on multiple cores, but are useful for I/O-bound tasks.

2. Multiprocessing — creates multiple processes, each with its own memory, bypassing the GIL limitation. Suitable for CPU-bound tasks.

3. Asynchronous programming (asyncio) — based on event loops and coroutines, effective for a large number of I/O-bound operations without creating threads or processes.

For agents that frequently interact with networks or external services, it is better to use asynchronous programming (asyncio), as it efficiently utilizes resources and simplifies scaling. If the tasks are CPU-bound, then multiprocessing is preferable.