Is it possible to manage transactions through code within the Spring Framework?

Yes, in the Spring Framework, you can manage transactions programmatically, that is, through code. This is done using the PlatformTransactionManager interface and the TransactionTemplate class.

Example of programmatic transaction management:

@Autowired
private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;

public void doInTransaction() {
    TransactionTemplate template = new TransactionTemplate(transactionManager);
    template.execute(status -> {
        // business logic that should be executed within a transaction
        // if an exception occurs, the transaction will be rolled back
        return null;
    });
}

This approach allows for more flexible transaction management compared to declarative (using the @Transactional annotation), for example, setting rollback behavior or managing nested transactions.