How have you worked with Postgres (OLTP load)?

When working with Postgres under OLTP load, it is important to optimize transactions and indexes for high performance and low latency. Typically, I use the following approaches:

• Thin and fast transactions: minimize lock holding time to avoid conflicts.
• Indexing: create indexes on frequently used fields to speed up queries.
• Connection pooling: use a connection pool (e.g., HikariCP) for efficient connection management.
• Using prepared statements: to reduce overhead on query parsing.
• Monitoring and analysis: use EXPLAIN ANALYZE to optimize queries.

Example of using pooling in Java with HikariCP:

HikariConfig config = new HikariConfig();
config.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/mydb");
config.setUsername("user");
config.setPassword("password");

HikariDataSource ds = new HikariDataSource(config);

try (Connection conn = ds.getConnection()) {
    PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement("SELECT * FROM orders WHERE id = ?");
    ps.setInt(1, 123);
    ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
    while (rs.next()) {
        // process result
    }
}

It is also important to monitor Postgres configuration parameters such as max_connections, shared_buffers, work_mem to ensure stable operation under load.