In what ways is object passing implemented in a program?

In iOS, objects are usually passed in the following ways:

• By reference: class objects are passed by reference, meaning a pointer to the object in memory is passed. Changes to the object in one part of the program are reflected everywhere there is a reference to this object.

• By value: structures and enumerations in Swift are passed by value, meaning they are copied when passed.

• Through delegates and closures: objects can be passed via delegates (protocols) or closures for callbacks and data transfer between components.

Example of passing an object by reference:

class Person {
    var name: String
    init(name: String) {
        self.name = name
    }
}

func changeName(person: Person) {
    person.name = "New Name"
}

let p = Person(name: "Ivan")
changeName(person: p)
print(p.name) // Will output "New Name"