What components or tools need to be prepared to run a program in Go?

To run a program in Go language, you need to prepare:

1. Installed Go compiler — usually the official distribution from golang.org.
2. Configured GOPATH environment variable (for older versions of Go) or use Go modules (go.mod) to manage dependencies.
3. Source code of the program — a file with the .go extension.

Example of running a program:

# Compile
go build main.go

# Run
./main

Or run directly without compilation:

go run main.go