How is interaction between goroutines carried out using channels in Go?

In Go, interaction between goroutines is carried out through channels, which allow safe data transfer between concurrent execution threads.

A channel is a typed queue into which one goroutine can send data, and another can receive it. This ensures synchronization and data exchange without using explicit locks.

Example:

ch := make(chan int) // create a channel for transmitting int

go func() {
    ch <- 42 // send value into the channel
}()

value := <-ch // receive value from the channel
fmt.Println(value) // will output 42

Thus, channels enable goroutines to exchange messages and synchronize their work, avoiding data races.