What methods and tools do you use to analyze and determine the causes of load issues in systems?

The following methods and tools are commonly used for analyzing load issues in Go systems:

• Profiling with pprof — a built-in Go package for CPU, memory, blocking, and goroutine profiling. It helps identify bottlenecks in the code.
• Logging and metrics — collecting data on response times, request counts, errors using Prometheus, Grafana.
• Tracing — using OpenTelemetry or Jaeger for analyzing distributed requests.
• Load testing — tools like Apache Bench, Vegeta, or k6 to simulate real load and identify performance limits.

Example of running pprof for CPU profiling:

import (
    "net/http"
    _ "net/http/pprof"
)

func main() {
    go func() {
        log.Println(http.ListenAndServe("localhost:6060", nil))
    }()
    // main application code
}

Then you can connect to http://localhost:6060/debug/pprof/ and collect profiles for analysis.