How to synchronize access of multiple goroutines to a shared object in the heap?

To synchronize access of multiple goroutines to a shared object in Go, mechanisms from the sync package are usually used:

• Mutex (sync.Mutex) — blocks access to the resource, allowing one goroutine to work with the object while others wait.
• RWMutex (sync.RWMutex) — allows multiple goroutines to read the object simultaneously but blocks writing if someone is writing.

Example using sync.Mutex:

import (
    "sync"
)

type SafeCounter struct {
    mu sync.Mutex
    count int
}

func (c *SafeCounter) Inc() {
    c.mu.Lock()
    defer c.mu.Unlock()
    c.count++
}

func (c *SafeCounter) Value() int {
    c.mu.Lock()
    defer c.mu.Unlock()
    return c.count
}

Thus, before accessing the shared object, the goroutine locks the mutex, and after finishing, it unlocks it. This prevents data races and ensures correct operation with shared data.