What methods are used for data exchange between different processes in an operating system?

Data exchange between processes (IPC, Inter-Process Communication) in operating systems can be carried out using the following main methods:

• Pipes — allow sequential data transfer between processes, usually related by parent-child relationships.
• Message Queues — enable sending and receiving messages asynchronously between processes.
• Shared Memory — allocates a memory area accessible by multiple processes for fast data exchange.
• Semaphores — used for synchronizing access to shared resources.
• Sockets — allow data exchange between processes both on the same device and over a network.

In Go, inter-process interaction more often uses network connections (sockets) or external OS mechanisms, as standard Go channels work only within a single process.