Tell about data storage: cookies, localStorage, sessionStorage. How was authorization with tokens implemented in your project?

Cookies, localStorage, and sessionStorage are different mechanisms for storing data in the browser:

• Cookies are small pieces of data that the browser sends to the server with each request. They are used for session management and authentication. They have size limitations and can be configured with security flags (HttpOnly, Secure).

• localStorage is a client-side storage where data persists without expiration, accessible only on the client side, and not automatically sent to the server.

• sessionStorage is similar to localStorage, but data only lives within a single session (tab) and is deleted when the tab is closed.

In my projects, for authentication, JWT (JSON Web Token) is often used, stored either in localStorage or in HttpOnly cookies. Storing in localStorage is convenient but less secure due to XSS attacks. Storing in HttpOnly cookies protects against XSS but requires CSRF protection.

Example of token-based authentication:

1. The user enters login/password.
2. The server returns a JWT.
3. The token is stored in localStorage or in cookies.
4. For subsequent requests, the token is added to the Authorization header.

This approach allows the server to verify the user's authenticity without storing sessions on the server.