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How to install msodbcsql on Astra?

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Answer from AI

To install msodbcsql17 on Astra Linux (based on Debian), follow steps similar to those for Debian/Ubuntu.

Adding the Microsoft repository:

# Download and register the Microsoft repository keys
curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add -

# Add the ODBC repository
# Make sure you are using the correct version of Astra Linux and the corresponding branch of the repository
# For example, for Astra Linux Special Edition 1.7 "Orel" based on Debian 10, use buster
# For Astra Linux Common Edition 2.12 "Smolensk" based on Debian 9, use stretch
echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/debian/10/prod buster main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mssql-release.list

In the example above, the repository is for Debian 10 (buster), which corresponds to Astra Linux Special Edition 1.7. If you have a different version of Astra, replace debian/10/prod buster with the appropriate values for your Debian base system.

Updating the package list:

# Update the package list after adding the new repository
sudo apt-get update

Installing the ODBC driver:

# Install the ODBC driver and dependencies
# unixodbc is the ODBC driver manager
sudo apt-get install -y msodbcsql17 unixodbc

Checking the installation: After installation, you can verify the driver with the odbcinst utility.

# List registered ODBC drivers
odbcinst -q -d

The output should include information about "ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server".

Configuring DSN (optional): To simplify connection setup, you can configure a DSN (Data Source Name) in /etc/odbcinst.ini (for the driver) and /etc/odbc.ini (for the data source).

Example of adding the driver to /etc/odbcinst.ini:

# [ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server]
# Description=Microsoft ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server
# Driver=/opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/lib64/libmsodbcsql-17.so.1.1
# UsageCount=1

The path to the driver library may vary depending on the version.

Example of adding a data source to /etc/odbc.ini:

# [YourDataSourceName]
# Driver=ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server
# Server=your_sql_server_address.database.windows.net,1433
# Database=YourDatabaseName

Replace YourDataSourceName, your_sql_server_address.database.windows.net,1433, and YourDatabaseName with your actual values.

Testing the connection: You can use the isql utility (part of the unixodbc-dev package, which may need to be installed) to test the connection via DSN.

# Test connection to DSN using isql
# isql YourDataSourceName username password -v

Replace YourDataSourceName, username, and password with your actual credentials.

Important points for Astra Linux:

  • Ensure you have sufficient permissions to run commands with sudo.
  • Check the version of the Debian base distribution on which your Astra Linux version is built to select the correct Microsoft repository.
  • If dependency errors occur during installation, you may need to manually install additional packages or use a different repository.
  • For Astra Linux versions with enhanced security, additional configuration or permissions in the security system may be required for the driver and external connections to work properly.
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