Can you tell about the types of firewalls and their features?

Firewalls (network screens) come in several types, each with its own features:

• Packet Filtering Firewall — analyze packet headers (IP addresses, ports, protocols) and decide whether to allow or block. Fast, but do not analyze content.

• Stateful Firewall — track the state of network connections, allowing more precise traffic filtering by considering session context.

• Application-level Firewall (Proxy Firewall) — operate at the application layer, analyzing traffic content (e.g., HTTP requests), and can block malicious data.

• Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW) — combine traditional firewall functions with additional capabilities such as packet inspection, intrusion prevention, and filtering by applications and users.

• Host-based Firewall — installed on individual devices, controlling incoming and outgoing traffic for a specific host.

The choice depends on security requirements and infrastructure.