34. What is NAT technology for? * - Increasing the default number of VLANs; - To restrict incoming, outgoing, and intra-network traffic; - Ensuring conflict-free addressing in the internet; - Assigning DNS gateway and creating network tables; 35. What are TCP/IP ports? * - An abstraction at the level of different OS regulating communication between applications over TCP or UDP protocols; - A utility built into some OS, allowing to "port" utilities and applications between OS; - Network equipment interfaces; - OS kernel interfaces through which interaction with the OS is possible; 36. OSI/ISO model levels? *

NAT (Network Address Translation) technology is used to ensure conflict-free addressing on the Internet. It allows multiple devices within a local network to use a single public IP address by translating internal private addresses to public ones and vice versa.

TCP/IP ports are an abstraction at the operating system level that regulate communication between applications using TCP or UDP protocols. A port allows different services and applications on the same device to be distinguished.

OSI/ISO model layers:

Physical — transmission of bits over a communication channel.

Data Link — organizing data transfer between nodes, error detection and correction.

Network — routing and transmission of packets.

Transport — reliable data delivery, flow control.

Session — managing communication sessions.

Presentation — data transformation, encoding, encryption.

Application — interface for applications, support for network services.