Where is it better to deploy databases — in Kubernetes or on virtual machines?

The choice between deploying databases in Kubernetes or on virtual machines depends on requirements for performance, fault tolerance, and manageability.

Virtual Machines:

• Often preferred for databases with high performance and stability requirements.
• Allow fine-tuning of the environment and resource allocation.
• Less overhead and more predictable behavior.

Kubernetes:

• Suitable for microservices architectures and dynamic scaling.
• Enables automation of deployment and management but may add complexity with state storage.
• Requires the use of StatefulSet and solutions for persistent storage (Persistent Volumes).

Overall, for critical databases with high performance and stability requirements, virtual machines are often chosen. For less critical, scalable, or testing environments — Kubernetes.