What types of backups do you know? What is the difference between them?

There are several main types of backups:

• Full backup — the entire database is copied. It allows for quick data recovery but takes up a lot of space and time.
• Incremental backup — only changes since the last full or incremental backup are saved. It saves space and time, but to restore, you need the full backup and all subsequent increments.
• Differential backup — changes since the last full backup are saved. Recovery is faster than with incremental backups because only the full backup and the last differential are needed.

The difference lies in what data is saved and how quickly the system can be restored. A full backup is the most reliable but resource-intensive. Incremental and differential backups are a compromise between time and storage volume.