What methods do you use to implement transitions between different fragments in an application?

In Android, fragment transitions are usually handled using FragmentManager and fragment transactions. The main methods are:

1. FragmentTransaction.replace() — replaces the current fragment with a new one.
2. FragmentTransaction.add() — adds a new fragment on top of the existing one.
3. Navigation via Navigation Component — a modern approach where transitions are described in a navigation graph.

Example of replacing a fragment:

val fragment = NewFragment()
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
    .replace(R.id.fragment_container, fragment)
    .addToBackStack(null) // allows returning back
    .commit()

The Navigation Component simplifies navigation and manages transitions declaratively through nav_graph.xml.