Can you name different types of scope in programming?

Scope defines where variables, functions, or objects are accessible in a program. Main types of scope:

• Local scope: variables are accessible only within the function or block where they are declared.
• Global scope: variables are accessible throughout the program.
• Class (field of a class): variables are accessible within the class, and can be accessed through instances or statically.
• Package-private scope (in Java/Android): accessible within the same package.
• Protected: accessible within the class and its subclasses.

In Android (Java/Kotlin), access modifiers most often used are: private, protected, public, and package-private (absence of a modifier). For example, a private variable is visible only within the class, while public is visible everywhere.

Example in Kotlin:

class Example {
    private val secret = "hidden"
    val visible = "shown"
}

Here, secret is accessible only within the Example class, while visible is accessible wherever an instance of the class is available.