How can you notify the View about data changes in the MVVM architecture?

In the MVVM architecture, the notification to the View about data changes is usually achieved through a change observation mechanism in the ViewModel. In Android, this is often implemented using:

• LiveData — an object that holds data and notifies subscribers (the View) when it changes.
• StateFlow / Flow from Kotlin Coroutines — reactive data streams that the View can observe.

Example with LiveData:

class MyViewModel : ViewModel() {
    private val _data = MutableLiveData<String>()
    val data: LiveData<String> = _data

    fun updateData(newValue: String) {
        _data.value = newValue
    }
}

// In Activity or Fragment
viewModel.data.observe(viewLifecycleOwner) { updatedValue ->
    textView.text = updatedValue
}

Thus, when data in the ViewModel changes, the View automatically receives a notification and updates the UI.