What methods can be used to eliminate race conditions in multithreaded programming?

Race conditions occur when multiple threads access shared resources simultaneously without proper synchronization, leading to unpredictable results.

To eliminate race conditions in multithreaded programming on Android (Java/Kotlin), you can use:

• Synchronization (synchronized) — blocks or methods that ensure only one thread executes the code at a time.

• Lock objects from java.util.concurrent.locks — a more flexible mechanism than synchronized.

• Volatile — to ensure visibility of variable changes between threads.

• Atomic classes (AtomicInteger, AtomicBoolean, etc.) — for atomic operations without locks.

• Using thread-safe collections from java.util.concurrent.

• Using high-level synchronization tools: semaphores, barriers, counters.

Example of using synchronized:

public class Counter {
    private int count = 0;

    public synchronized void increment() {
        count++;
    }

    public synchronized int getCount() {
        return count;
    }
}

This approach prevents multiple threads from changing the count variable simultaneously.