How is the cross-compilation process carried out in Kotlin Multiplatform?

In Kotlin Multiplatform, the cross-compilation process allows writing shared code, which is then compiled into different target platforms (JVM, JavaScript, Native).

Main steps:

1. Targets are specified in build.gradle.kts, for example jvm(), js(), ios().
2. Common code is written in the shared module (commonMain), and platform-specific code in the respective sourceSets.
3. During build, Gradle runs compilation for each target using the appropriate compilers:
   • Kotlin/JVM compiles to JVM bytecode
   • Kotlin/JS compiles to JavaScript
   • Kotlin/Native compiles to native code for iOS, Linux, etc.

Thus, the same source code is transformed into different binary artifacts for each platform.

Example configuration in build.gradle.kts:

kotlin {
    jvm()
    js(IR) { browser() }
    ios()

    sourceSets {
        val commonMain by getting
        val jvmMain by getting
        val jsMain by getting
        val iosMain by getting
    }
}