How is variable scope management carried out in code?

Variable scope management in Android code (Java/Kotlin) occurs through visibility levels:

• Local scope: variables declared inside a method or block are only accessible within that block.
• Class scope: class fields are accessible in all methods of that class (unless declared as private, protected, or public).
• Package scope: variables and methods with default access modifier are accessible within the package.
• Public scope: variables and methods with the public modifier are accessible from anywhere.

For example, in Kotlin:

class Example {
    private var count = 0 // accessible only within the class

    fun increment() {
        val step = 1 // local variable
        count += step
    }
}

Thus, scope controls where a variable can be used, helping to avoid conflicts and improve code readability.