How can an excessive number of threads negatively impact system performance?

Excessive number of threads can negatively impact system performance for several reasons:

• Context switches: Each thread requires a context switch of the processor, which consumes resources and time.
• Memory: Each thread occupies memory for its stack, and a large number of threads can lead to memory shortages.
• Synchronization: With many threads, competition for resources increases, which can lead to deadlocks and delays.
• Scheduling: The operating system spends more time scheduling and managing threads, reducing overall efficiency.

For example, if an application creates hundreds of threads to perform small tasks, the overhead of managing them may outweigh the benefits of parallelism, leading to decreased performance.