Can you explain how the data class structure is implemented at a low level?

In Android (Kotlin), a data class is a class that automatically generates methods like equals(), hashCode(), toString(), as well as copy() and componentN() functions for convenient data handling.

At a low level, a data class is compiled into a regular JVM class with fields and methods that implement these functions. The Kotlin compiler generates bytecode that:

• Stores fields as private properties with getters (and setters if var).
• Overrides equals() for comparing the values of all properties.
• Overrides hashCode() based on property values.
• Overrides toString() for convenient output.
• Adds a copy() method that creates a new object with the ability to modify individual fields.

Thus, a data class is syntactic sugar that simplifies creating classes for data storage, and at a low level, it is a regular class with a set of standard methods.