How does an array differ from a list?

Arrays have a fixed size determined at creation. Lists can change their size dynamically.

Characteristic	Array	List
Size	Fixed	Dynamic
Element type	Can be primitive or reference	Usually stores objects (reference types)
Access performance	Fast access by index O(1)	Fast access by index O(1)
Insertion/deletion performance	Costly operations O(n)	Depends on implementation (e.g., ArrayList - O(n) in the middle, LinkedList - O(1) at beginning/end)

Example of creating an array:

// Creating an array of 5 integers
int[] intArray = new int[5];

Example of creating a list (e.g., ArrayList):

// Creating a list of integers
ArrayList<Integer> intList = new ArrayList<>();