Which components implement socket connection functionality in the system?

In Android, socket connection functionality is usually implemented using the following components:

• Socket from Java API (java.net.Socket) — the base class for creating TCP connections.
• ServerSocket — for the server side, to listen for incoming connections.
• InputStream and OutputStream — for reading and writing data through the socket.
• AsyncTask, Thread, or Coroutine — for performing network operations on a separate thread to avoid blocking the UI.

You can also use libraries, such as OkHttp for WebSocket connections, which simplify working with sockets.

Example of creating a TCP socket in a separate thread:

new Thread(() -> {
    try (Socket socket = new Socket("example.com", 1234)) {
        InputStream in = socket.getInputStream();
        OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
        // reading and writing data
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}).start();