What are the differences between Dispatchers.IO and Dispatchers.Default in Kotlin coroutines?

Dispatchers.IO and Dispatchers.Default are standard Kotlin coroutine dispatchers that manage which threads coroutines run on.

• Dispatchers.Default is intended for CPU-intensive tasks such as computations, data processing, etc. It uses a thread pool typically equal to the number of available processor cores.

• Dispatchers.IO is optimized for input/output operations (reading/writing files, network requests, database work). It uses a scalable thread pool that can grow dynamically to avoid blocking coroutines during long IO operations.

Example usage:

// CPU-intensive task
withContext(Dispatchers.Default) {
    // complex calculations
}

// Input/output operation
withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
    // reading a file or network request
}

Thus, the choice of dispatcher depends on the nature of the task: for computations — Default, for IO — IO.