Can you explain what **kwargs in Python is and how it is used?

In Python, **kwargs is a way to pass an arbitrary number of named arguments to a function as a dictionary. The name kwargs is conventional, but you can use any name; the important part is the double asterisks ** before the parameter.

When a function is declared with **kwargs, all additional named arguments that are not explicitly specified are collected into a dictionary, where the key is the argument name and the value is its value.

Example of usage:

def greet(**kwargs):
    for name, greeting in kwargs.items():
        print(f"{name}: {greeting}")

greet(John="Hello", Alice="Hi", Bob="Hey")

Output:

John: Hello
Alice: Hi
Bob: Hey

This is convenient when it is unknown in advance which named parameters will be passed, or when you need to pass parameters further to another function.