Who is responsible for managing the process in the system?

In the system, responsibility for managing processes usually lies with the operating system (OS). It is the OS that allocates resources, schedules process execution, switches contexts between them, and ensures their isolation.

In the context of Python, when it comes to processes or threads, management is done through standard libraries, but ultimately, process management occurs at the OS level.

For example, in Python, you can create and manage processes using the multiprocessing module, but scheduling and time-sharing of processes are handled by the OS:

from multiprocessing import Process
import time

def task():
    print("Task is running")
    time.sleep(1)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    p = Process(target=task)
    p.start()
    p.join()

Thus, the responsibility for process management is a function of the operating system, and the programming language provides interfaces to interact with this system.