What is meant by typing in Python and how is it implemented?

Type hinting in Python is a system that defines which data types can be used and how they interact.

Python uses dynamic and strong typing:

• Dynamic — the type of a variable is determined at runtime, not beforehand.
• Strong — operations between incompatible types cause errors, for example, you cannot add a string and a number without explicit conversion.

Implementation of typing in Python:

• Variables are not bound to a type, but to an object that has a type.
• Object types are determined at runtime.
• There is support for type annotations (type hints) for static analysis, but they do not affect execution.

Example of dynamic typing:

x = 10       # x references an int
x = "text"  # now x references a str

Example of strong typing:

print(5 + "5")  # Error TypeError

Type annotations:

def greet(name: str) -> str:
    return "Hello, " + name