Can you explain what is meant by the concept of a parent class in object-oriented programming?

A parent class (or super class) in object-oriented programming is a class from which other classes inherit (called subclasses or derived classes). The parent class defines common properties and methods that are inherited and can be overridden in child classes.

For example, if there is a class Animal with a method make_sound(), then classes Dog and Cat can inherit from Animal and implement this method in their own way.

This allows code reuse and the construction of class hierarchies that reflect "is-a" relationships.