What are the differences between FastAPI and Django frameworks when creating web applications?

FastAPI and Django are two popular Python frameworks for web development, but they have different approaches and areas of application.

FastAPI:

• Modern, focused on creating fast APIs.
• Uses Python's asynchronous capabilities for high performance.
• Automatically generates API documentation (Swagger/OpenAPI).
• Minimalist, requires more manual configuration.

Django:

• A full-featured framework for building complex web applications.
• Includes ORM, authentication system, admin panel, and more out of the box.
• Synchronous by default (though async support exists).
• Suitable for projects with a lot of functionality and standard web pages.

Example:

• If you need to quickly create a high-performance REST API, FastAPI is better.
• If you need a full website with database, forms, admin panel — Django.

# FastAPI example
from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
async def read_item(item_id: int):
    return {"item_id": item_id}

# Django example (views.py)
from django.http import JsonResponse

def read_item(request, item_id):
    return JsonResponse({"item_id": item_id})