Explain why a tuple in Python takes up less memory compared to a list.

Tuples in Python occupy less memory compared to lists because they are immutable data structures. This allows the interpreter to optimize their storage:

• Tuples do not require extra space for managing changes (e.g., for dynamic resizing).
• The internal structure of a tuple is simpler: there are no mechanisms for adding or removing elements.
• Lists are implemented as dynamic arrays with extra capacity, which requires additional memory for expansion.

Example:

import sys

lst = [1, 2, 3, 4]
tpl = (1, 2, 3, 4)

print(sys.getsizeof(lst))  # For example, 96
print(sys.getsizeof(tpl))  # For example, 80

It can be seen that a tuple takes up less bytes in memory because it does not store additional information for managing changes.